Nomenclature of fused ring systems
http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/fusedring/
This page put up by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry gives detailed information on the accepted naming practices for fused ring compounds.
Chemistry of fused rings
http://www.ch.cam.ac.uk/magnus/molecules/misc/s4.html
This page shows several types of fused alicyclic ring systems. It is focused on chemical aspects.
Aromaticity
http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtualText/react3.htm
Many fused ring systems of interest are aromatic compounds. The aromaticity of fused ring structures is complex and will often determine points of chemical and enzymatic reactivity.
Biodegradation of furoquinoline alkaloids
http://www.rsc.org/ej/CC/2005/b506944k.pdf
This web paper describes the microbial transformation of a plant alkaloid. The alkaloids represent an enormous class of natural product fused ring molecules.
Naphthalene and anthracene degradation
http://www.kegg.com/dbget-bin/show_pathway?ko00626
This page of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes shows converging metabolic maps for three and two ring fused aromatic systems.
Fluorene metabolism
http://www.kegg.com/dbget-bin/show_pathway?ko00628
This is a classical metabolic map on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. It provides links to compound and enzyme pages from the pathway map.
Environmental fate of a spiro ring dye
http://www.ec.gc.ca/substances/ese/eng/challenge/batch2/batch2_15086-94-9_en.pdf
Spiro ring compounds are a class of multi-ring compounds that have been poorly investigated with respect to biodegradation. This document put out by Environment Canada discusses the environmental fate of a spiro ring dye.
Pyrene degradation pathway
http://umbbd.msi.umn.edu/pyr/pyr_map.html
This metabolic map page for pyrene is contained within the University of Minnesota Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database (UM-BBD). There are links to a graphical map, compound, and enzyme pages.
Biodegradation of diamondoid compounds
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V7P-4PF1WG4-1&_user=616288&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000032378&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=616288&md5=66dbf8011f52731de358c8d39cc60441
Multiply-fused ring aliphatic carbon structures with high carbon to hydrogen ratios are known as diamondoid compounds. This web article discusses these compounds in the environment relevant to their metabolism by microbes.
Adamantanone biodegradation pathways
http://umbbd.msi.umn.edu/ada/ada_map.html
Adamantanone is a ketone variant of a diamondoid compound. Its metabolism is depicted on the UM-BBD. Two onvergent pathways are shown.
Carbazole biodegradation pathway
http://umbbd.msi.umn.edu/car/car_map.html
Carbazole is an example of a heterocyclic, multi-ring aromatic compound. It is representative of a very large class of heterocyclic aromatic compounds, a number of which are depicted on the UM-BBD.
Hydrocarbon biomarkers: Formation and biodegradation
http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/207_IR/chap_10/c10_10.htm
This page is a reference list of biomarkers, a number of which are cyclic, multi-ring compounds.
Oil biomarkers: Ring and straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons
http://www.oiltracers.com/biomarker.html
This commercial site provides a very useful listing of biomarker hydrocarbons, including fused ring compounds, and contains references.
Anaerobic degradation of steroid hormones
http://www.eawag.ch/organisation/abteilungen/uchem/schwerpunkte/projektuebersicht/project26_EN
Steroids are fused-ring compounds with strong biological activities. There is growing concern about the contamination of water from personal care products; thus, studies on the microbial degradation of steroids is of emerging interest.
Testosterone pathway map
http://umbbd.msi.umn.edu/tes/tes_map.html
The testosterone pathway map on the UM-BBD illustrates the complexity of the metabolism for these multiple-ring aliphatic ring compounds.
Heterocyclic compounds with two rings
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Heterocyclic_compounds_with_2_rings
There are numerous heterocyclic ring compounds in crude oil and other natural sources. This page provides an excellent resource for the structures and trivial names of the more common compounds in this class.
Steroids with heterocyclic rings in the side chain
http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/steroid/3S03.html
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry provides this page for information on the nomenclature of this specific class of fused ring compounds.
Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by actinomycetes
http://diss-epsilon.slu.se/archive/00001118/
This page contains an abstract and a link to a full dissertation dealing with the biodergadation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Rhodococcus and Mycobacterium species.
Biodegradation of petroleum asphaltenes
http://www.medigraphic.com/ingles/i-htms/i-lamicro/i-mi2001/i-mi01-3/im-mi013g.htm
Asphaltenes are a high molecular weight fraction in petroleum. They have a complex structure but there is evidence for microbial oxidation of these compounds.
Dibenzthiophene desulfurization pathway
http://BioCyc.org/META/NEW-IMAGE?type=PATHWAY&object=PWY-681
The dibenzothiophene desulfurization pathway represents an important microbial activity with respect to removing organic sulfur from a petroleum heterocyclic compound.
Phenanthrene compounds in MetaCyc
http://biocyc.org/META/substring-search?object=phenanthrene
Phenanthrene and related structures are highlighted on this page of the MetaCyc database.